Regulating means for electric generators.



W. A. TURBAYNE.

REGULATING MEANS FOR ELECTRIC GENERATORS.

APPLICATION FILED APR-2T. I914.

1,196,618. Patented Aug. 29, 1916.

4[ 2 f rll C) O 0 j 1 H I I I I @Wifiwomy: I 7 )7 ig W f I 5 5.1Luama3wca Q QH WM 5 Mq3- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM A. TURBAYNE, 0F NIAGARA FALLS, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNEASSIGNMENTS, TO U. S. LIGHT & HEAT CORPORATION, OF NIAGARA FALLS, NEWYORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

REGULATING MEANS FOR ELECTRIC GENERATORS.

Application filed April 27, 1914.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM A. TUR- BAYNE, acitizen of the United States, residing at Niagara Falls, in the countyof N1- a gara and State of New York, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Regulatmg Means for Electric Generators, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawing, forming a part of thisspecification.

This invention relates to regulating means for electric generators.

The invention is particularly applicable to variable speed batterycharging generators such as are used in train lighting, or in automobilestarting and lighting systems.

An object of the invention is to provide improved regulating means forcontrolling both the shunt and the differential fields of adifferentially wound generator.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of a systemembodying the invention: Fig. 2 is a modification thereof: Fig. 3 is adiagram of an internal and external pole generator to which thisinvention is applied.

In applying this invention to a difi'erentlally wound generator, aresistance having a positive temperature co-efficient is placed inseries with the shunt field and a similar resistance is arranged inshunt around the series differential winding.

In the system shown in Fig. 1, a generator having an armature 1 isprovided with a differential series winding 2 and a shunt field winding3. A resistance 7 having a positive temperature co-eflicient is arrangedin shunt to the series winding 2. One terminal of the shunt winding isconnected to the middle portion of this resistance so that theresistance will carry the current passing into the shunt field windingas well as the current diverted from the series winding. As the machinebegins to operate, it builds up as a shunt generator under the influenceof the shunt winding 3. Current flows through the resistance 7, but atlower values of the voltage no appreciable efi'ect is produced. When thevoltage of the machine has reached the proper value, an automatic switch12 closes thecircuit to the Storage battery 10 and lamps l1,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented. Aug. 29, 1916.

Serial No. 834.839.

field current is a considerable portion of the total current deliveredby the generator, and the heating effects of this current may be readilyutilized in connection with an iron wire shunt connected, as described,to cause an lncrease in the resistance of the shunt. In such a machine,any tendency toward an increase of voltage will result in a tendency toincrease the generator current and, furthermore, as the C. E. M. F. ofthe battery, and therefore the voltage across the generator brushesincreases during the progress of the battery charging, the generatoroutput will tend to increase. This tendency toward increased output willcause a greater current to flow through the shunt field winding, whichin traversing the iron wire shunt will cause an increase in temperatureof the shunt and in conjunction with the increase in temperature, causedby the current shunted from the series windmg, will cause a decidedincrease in the resistance of the shunt. This will cause a diversion ofmore current through the series field winding, which acting inconjunction with the reduced current through the shunt field winding,will limit the generator output to predetermined values regardless ofincrease in generator speed or rise in battery voltage.

In Fig. 2 there is shown a modification of the arrangement of Fig. l inwhich the resistance 8 in series with the shunt winding 3 is separatefrom the resistance 7 which forms a shunt across the differential field2. The two resistances, 7 and 8, are so disposed that the temperaturerise due to the current flowing through each will affect the other. Thecurrent flowing through the shunt field 3 heats the iron wire resistance8 and this in turn imparts its heat to the shunt 7 which is arranged injuxtaposition therewith. The temperature rise of either one of theseresistances will mutually affect the other and hence any tendency toincrease the voltage or the current beyond certain values will befollowed by an increase of resistance in-the iron wires. In both thearrangements shown this causes the current in the shunt field winding tobe advantageously applied.

A shunt winding 3 is disposed on poles internal to the armature 1 andthe series field Winding is disposed on the poles external to thearmature 1. The iron wire shunt is connected across the series fieldwith the shunt field winding 3 connected to include a portion 9 thereof,as described in connection with Fig. 1. The modification shown in Fig. 2may equally well be applied to this type of machine.

The machine shown in Fig. 3 may be employed for automobile startingpurposes. When the starting switch 15 is closed the first heavy rush ofcurrent will heat the iron resistance wire to such a degree as to renderthe shunt field of little moment and to raise the resistance of theshunt around the series winding to such a value that the machineoperates substantially as a series motor. The current that flows in theshunt winding aids the flux produced by the series winding.

It is obvious from the above description that a system has been devisedwhich tends to limit the output after a certain voltage has beenattained. The current flowing through the shunt field is utilized toheat an iron shunt around the series field winding to cause an increaseof resistance in said shunt. This increase of resistance diverts thecurrent through the diflerential winding and tends to reduce the workingflux of the dynamo. As the voltage across the generator brushes rises,due to rise in the counterelectromotive force of the battery as thecharge of the battery nears completion, the generator output tends toincrease. This increase in voltage tends to send more current throughthe shunt field winding which causes an increase in temperature of theiron shunt which together with the increase of temperature caused by thecurrent shunted from the series winding, brings about a de cidedincrease in the resistance of the iron shunt. Consequently, more currentflows through the differential series winding and the result is that thegenerator output is held to a much lower value and to a closerregulation than if the iron shunt were not employed.

While a particular embodiment of the invention has been described, theinvention is not limited to any of the details shown or described exceptas such limitations may be imposed in the appended claims.

What ll claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States is:

1. Tn a system of the class described, a dynamo electric machine havinga series field winding and a shunt field winding, and means directlyinfluenced by the total current in the shunt winding to control thecurrent in the series winding.

2. In a system of the class described, a dynamo electric machine havinga series field winding and a shunt field winding, and means in shunt tosaid series field winding influenced by the current output of saidmachine to control the current in the shunt field winding.

3. ln a system of the class described, a dynamo electric machine havinga series field winding, a shunt field winding and means in shunt to saidseries field winding influenced by the current output of said machine tocontrol the resistance of the shunt field winding.

4. in a system of the class described, a dynamo electric machine havinga series field winding, a shunt field winding, and a two part resistancehaving a positive tempera ture co-eificient, one part thereof in shuntto said series winding and another part thereof in series with saidshunt winding, each of said parts adapted to mutually influence theresistance of the other with variations of current through said part.

5. In combination, a dynamo electric machine provided with a ring woundarmature and a field having poles external and internal with respect tosaid armature, series windings on one set of poles, shunt windings onthe other set of poles, and a resistance having a positive temperaturecoefiicient arranged in shunt to said series field windings, said shuntfield windings having one terminal connected to an intermediate point onsaid resistance.

In witness whereof, ll have hereunto subscribed my name in the presenceof two witnesses.

WILLIAM A. TURBAYN E.

Witnesses:

E. P. HANNIG, W. G. Hlns'r.

